Abstract:
The article is devoted to the study of the lexical aspect in English and Spanish folk tales through the prism of the cultural component. The national linguistic specificity is vividly presented in folk art, namely ballads, epics, folk songs, sayings and proverbs, legends, anecdotes, myths, and especially in folk tales. After all, folk has always been expressed in messages to the people in simple words based on life experience and acquired wisdom. The culture, morality and traditions of the people have always been described in the folk tales of all nations, so that future generations could learn their history and culture and pass it on to the next generations,
preserving all its specificity. Culture especially influenced the language. Folk tales provide an opportunity to consider ethno cultural vocabulary. A specific lexical component is observed in the folklore text. A folk tale is one of the brightest embodiments of the national linguistic picture of the world and an inexhaustible source of reflection of mental worldview. The text of the folk tale helps to explore the stages of formation of the national linguistic picture of the world in the history of one or another nation. Also, the text, namely the lexical component, helps to reveal and learn the originality of traditions, beliefs and views of people of
the past. Folk tales of England and Spain were taken for this study, because English and Spanish languages belong to the same group of Romano-Germanic languages and have many interesting similarities in the lexical aspect, which is considered through a cultural prism. For this study, tales were considered, because a folk tale is a symbol of the culture of any nation. Traditions, customs, morality and spiritual state are reflected in the folk tale, and the folk tale is created with the help of lexics. It is the lexics of English and Spanish folktales that is attractive for comparison from the point of view of linguistics.
