Customs challenges and innovations in global trade: perspectives and trends

Abstract

The article analyses the current challenges in the field of customs law and global trade, with a focus on the impact of globalisation and technological development, as well as international legal regulation. The research focuses on identifying important legal and technological innovations that can contribute to global trade development and overcome customs challenges, as well as on analysing international legal acts regulating customs activities and their significance for Ukraine. The author considers the following customs challenges: legal gaps and contradictions; customs security; innovations and technologies. Based on this, the author suggests ways to address the challenges in the field of customs law. The article assesses the effectiveness and potential of innovations for addressing customs challenges. The author uses the method of analysis and synthesis to examine a wide range of issues in the field of customs law, including legal frameworks, customs procedures and customs security. The author provides an in-depth analysis of international agreements, conventions and standards, as well as technological innovations that affect the customs sector. The research has shown that globalisation and technological advances are creating new challenges for customs services, including the need to harmonise customs laws and procedures internationally. The use of artificial intelligence, blockchain, and automation can improve the efficiency of customs control. At the same time, customs security requires stronger controls to counter smuggling and other illegal activities, which is becoming more challenging as international trade volumes grow. The author concludes that it is important to integrate technological and legal innovations into customs practice to ensure the efficiency, security and transparency of customs procedures. He also points to the need for international cooperation to harmonise customs rules and procedures, which is key to facilitating global trade and economic integration. The development and implementation of the latest technologies, although requiring significant investment and staff training, is considered key to optimising customs processes and increasing their efficiency.