Illegal influence on the results of sports competitions: comparison with foreign legislation

Abstract

The purpose of the research is dedicated to the criminological description and explanation of fraudulent behaviors that interfere in the results of official sports competitions in Ukraine. The foregoing is evidenced in the ultra-high level of latency of the possible crimes that could be committed and that are typified in art. 369-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which are 99 % probability that the act will be committed in reality. The structure of the number of matches (where the results could be falsified) according to the type of sport, the method of illegal influence on the results of official sports competitions, as well as the types of bribery were revealed and analyzed. In addition to the characteristics and corresponding structural units. Methodology: Qualitative-quantitative research, based on the analysis of documentary sources, coupled with the dialectical method of contrasting the facts with social reality, with a comparative legal approach. Conclusions. The sample identifies that there is a greater intensity in fraud in sports such as soccer, futsal, basketball and volleyball. Within the mechanisms used to incite athletes to commit illegal acts, bribery predominates (75 %). At roughly the same level in terms of prevalence and with small fluctuations in specific weight are incitement (10 %), conspiracy (8 %) and coercion (7 %). In general, illegal influence on the results of official sports competitions such as bribery directly targets athletes. In total, the proportion of such influence is 78 %, with a slight predominance of bribery of multiple athletes (players) in a team (40 %) over bribery of an individual player (38 %). In second place in terms of ranking - bribery of members of the coaching staff (10 %). Then bribery of judges (5 %), owners of sports clubs (5%), and finally on the support staff of clubs (2 %).