http://biblio.umsf.dp.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/4566 2026-03-30T11:40:37Z http://biblio.umsf.dp.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/4589 Название: ДЕРЖАВНЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ У СФЕРІ ЗАХИСТУ КІБЕРПРОСТОРУ ЯК СКЛАДНИК ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ Авторы: ЯКОВЛЄВ, П.; YAKOVLEV, P. Аннотация: The purpose of the article is to highlight state regulation in the field of cyberspace protection as a component of information security of Ukraine at the present stage of state building. Methods. The methodological basis of the development was the dialectical approach, which involves consideration of the prerequisites for the formation of state regulation of ensuring cybersecurity as an objective reality, which is constantly evolving affected by technical, political, legal, security and other factors. In addition, in the course of the study historical and legal, system-structural, structural-functional methods, the method of ascending from abstract to specific were applied. The results of the scientific development of the topic selected allows to state that the main legal basis for ensuring cybersecurity in Ukraine is the implementation of measures aimed at secure protection of cyberspace, provided that it is open, accessible to the participants of information exchange and stable. Accordingly, state administration of cyberspace security must meet the requirements of a democratic state system and the rule of law when the potential restriction of the right of a person to information is reduced to a minimum. At the level of administrative and legal regulation of cybersecurity processes, state measures in the field of cyberspace protection are not defined systematically, there is no clear list of them and administrative cooperation of cybersecurity entities is not regulated properly. It has been established that Ukraine commits itself to the European Union to carry out a number of measures aimed at the development and protection of cybersphere within the framework of combating cybercrime, ensuring military-technical cooperation and crisis management, creating and protecting a system of information exchange on terrorism with the European Union, protecting computerized information systems and electronic data exchange system for economic cooperation, development of innovations and innovative technologies. The conclusions of the study of topic selected allow to point out that the current legal bases of implementation of state policy in ensuring the protection of cyberspace and cybersecurity have major faults. In particular, it is the slowness in reforming the cybersecurity regulatory framework, the lack of regulation of aspects of the administrative interaction of subjects of the national cybersecurity system, the lack of clear legal regulation of main risks and threats to the national cyberspace. Proposals for optimizing the regulatory support of these aspects should form the basis for further scientific research on these issues. It is also substantiated that Ukraine needs to develop and implement measures aimed at fulfilment of provisions of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union regarding the development and protection of cyberspace 2021-12-10T00:00:00Z http://biblio.umsf.dp.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/4588 Название: КОНТРАБАНДА КОКАЇНУ З ПІВДЕННОЇ АМЕРИКИ ДО ЄВРОПИ ТА АФРИКИ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ НАРКОСУБМАРИН: ДОВЕДЕНИЙ ВИПАДОК – ОСТАННІЙ СИГНАЛ ДЛЯ МИТНИХ СЛУЖБ У ВСЬОМУ СВІТІ Авторы: ВЕЕРТ, К.; WEERTH, C. Аннотация: The drug cartels of South America and organized crime have long been known to use semi-sub speedboats, Narco-Torpedoes and Narco-Submarines for smuggling cocaine from South America to Mexico and eventually to the United States of America. The drug trade is increasing strongly and organized crime is always looking for better and smarter ways to smuggle drugs into target countries. The story started as early as 1993 and eventually it started to be a case of chain manufacture of custom-built Narco-Submarines in 2007. Counter-measures in the Americas in the war on drugs are the use of Anti-Submarine Technology such as Submarine-hunter Aircrafts, Submarines and Coast Guard Ships. Now for the first time a NarcoSubmarine has been seized transporting more than 3 000 Kilogram Cocaine to Spain. Are Europe’s and Africa’s Customs Administrations prepared? Are Europe’s and North Africa’s Coast Guard forces equipped and working together in order to seize Narco-Submarines from the Americas? This is the last wake up call for a newly emerging threat to Customs Services around the World. This capacity building and background paper investigates newspaper and official reports as well as scholarly papers on the development and evolution of Narco-Submarines in Middle and South America and the current use of Narco-Submarines in Middle and South America. In particular details on new developments in the increase of their use in smuggling attempts to North America are given. In particular itinvestigates and discusses in detail the case of a proven transAtlantic trip of a Narco-Submarine from South America to Europe in November 2019. In conclusion this paper calls for a higher awareness and better vigilance for this novel way of irregular naval warfare and drug smuggling from Southern America to Europe and Africa by help of Anti-Submarine technology such as Anti-Submarine Aircrafts, Anti-Submarine Naval Ships and the use of naval forces such as the Coast Guard in coordinated operations in Europe and Africa in order to combat global drug smuggling 2021-12-10T00:00:00Z http://biblio.umsf.dp.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/4587 Название: ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЙНИЙ ПРОЦЕС УКРАЇНСЬКОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА ЯК УНІВЕРСАЛЬНА ФОРМА ІСТОРИЧНОЇ ДИНАМІКИ Авторы: ШКУРАТ, І.; SHKURAT, I. Аннотация: Purpose. The article covers the impact of globalization on the development and formation of the Ukrainian society. Methods. The study used general scientific and special methods: scientific generalization and systematization – to determine the characteristics of globalization; comparative analysis – to compare the development of the countries that are members of the European Union with other countries whose government is seeking integration with Europe; systematic analysis – to identify the positive and negative aspects of the impact of globalization on the socio-economic and political development of some countries in the world; logical synthesis – to explain the results of the research. Results. It has been researched that globalization as a whole and world economic relations, in particular, is an objective process that expresses the totality of conditions of development of the modern world community and, first of all, scientific and technical and economic progress. This is an inevitable stage of the ascension of humanity to new horizons, which ultimately has positive beginnings, but at the same time is not devoid of serious and large-scale contradictions, and therefore does not exclude negative influences. It is analyzed that the main negatives of globalization is the dominance of the “wealthier” country over the less developed in the economic and even cultural spheres. The downsides also include the commercialization of the cultural values. Globalization in its present form is subordinated to the interests of the world capital (transnational corporations) operating using the military-political power of the leading Western powers. However, these states themselves are leading the world globalization process in the pursuit of their own geopolitical interests. Conclusions. It is determined that the functioning of the economy of Ukraine does not comply with international legal norms in terms of taxation system, regulatory system, transparency of financial transactions, etc., which is the cause of unfavorable investment climate. Despite the high level of declarations made about the need to attract foreign investment, there is in fact no sound policy strategy for the creation of a favorable investment climate. 2021-12-10T00:00:00Z http://biblio.umsf.dp.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/4586 Название: МЕТОДИЧНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО РОЗГЛЯДУ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОГО БЮДЖЕТУ НА ОСНОВІ ЗБАЛАНСУВАННЯ ДОХОДІВ ТА ВИТРАТ Авторы: КОЗЬМЕНКО, С.; АЛЬДІВАНІ, К.; ФРОЛОВ, С. Аннотация: The effective operation of the financial sector is a necessary condition for economic development. The government budget, in its turn, is one of the most critical components of an integrated financial system. Since the formation, redistribution and use of a significant proportion of resources accumulated in the budget is the responsibility of the public finance sector, a prudent fiscal policy is vital for successful social and economic regulation. Optimizing the budget of Ukraine becomes particularly urgent under the tense economic and fiscal situation, reduced investment attractiveness, increased budget deficit and public debt. In particular, an important aspect is to ensure the balance of budget revenues and expenditures, because in the case of deficit (excess of spending over receipts), the state’s dependence on external borrowing resources increases, thus reducing the level of financial security and creating unfavorable conditions for the economy. The optimal structure of incomes and expenditure contributes to macroeconomic stability. Tax policy as a method of the state budget balancing should be balanced, because tax increases are effective only to a certain level. In order to avoid a negative impact on economic growth, it is worth looking at and expanding the tax base without increasing rates. The level of taxation should be socially fair and economically optimal. An additional emission of money to finance the budget is used during the implementation of the budget policy, but it can have a very negative effect in the form of inflation’s increase. Therefore, the growth rate of the money supply in the country should not exceed the growth rate of GDP. Also, in order to balance state revenues and expenses, loans are used, both internal and external. By issuing and selling government securities, or receiving another tranche from the IMF, the state receives additional financial resources to cover the deficit, but in this case, public debt increases. It is important that the optimization of the state budget takes place in both directions, both in terms of income and expenditure, since in order to solve social problems, ensuring economic growth, supporting entrepreneurial activity, and regulating the economy, an adequate resource base are needed. At the same time, the optimal allocation of funds in conditions of limited resources is important in order to achieve the maximum positive socio-economic effect. The article defines theoretical approaches to determining the nature of revenues, expenses and expenditures of the budget, examines the general scheme of control of the state budget, the basic concepts of balancing the state budget, develops a conceptual scheme of the state budget optimization based on the balance of income and expenses. 2021-11-10T00:00:00Z