http://biblio.umsf.dp.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/3330 2026-04-02T08:38:48Z http://biblio.umsf.dp.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/3337 Название: Ethics and transparency in Customs Авторы: Canon, Enrique; Кэнон, Энрике Аннотация: The relevance of the issue being considered by the author is confirmed by the fact that the governments of many countries are making tremendous efforts and use all available resources (both technical and financial) to ensure the transparency of customs procedures and improve the professional ethics of customs officers in order to reduce the level of corruption and the promote an economic growth.From this point of view the author has made the economic analysis of corruption and highlighted its three basic characteristics: a clear and transparent regulation that has been broken; an official that breaks the law and obtains a benefit; the appreciation that the benefit is a direct consequence of the corrupt act.The author has also analyzed the measures undertaken by the Uruguay National Customs Directorate with the aim of raising the level of professional behavior of employees and increasing the transparency of customs formalities. Among them there are the following: executive management team responsibility; changes in the regulatory framework; automation of customs procedures and improving their transparency; contracting officials followed by an assessment of their activities; implementation of incentive policies to promote a high level of professional ethics and preventive strategies aimed at the detection of corruption and disciplinary measures or prosecution of those employees who are participants in corruption schemes; establishment of codes of professional conduct of Customs officials; implementation of sound human resource management policies; implementation of corporate social responsibility system; promoting open, transparent and productive relationship with the business sector.To more deeply research the chosen subject the following scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, induction, deduction.In conclusion, the author emphasizes that it is crucial to work on ethics and transparency at the Customs administrations around the world to combat corruption for the sake of the Customs administrations and society. In author’s opinion, in order to be successful in combating corruption the Uruguay National Customs Administration has to act in a planned and coordinated manner by means of implementing different innovative measures. 2019-03-21T00:00:00Z http://biblio.umsf.dp.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/3336 Название: The issue of cultural objects descriptions unification in the licensing and registration documents of Ukraine and the EU as a method of smuggling prevention Авторы: Imanov, Rasim; Иманов, Расим Аннотация: This paper was presented at the 10th annual WCO PICARD conference (in the frameworks of the “Youth Forum”), 8-10 September 2015 in Baku, the Republic of Republic Azerbaijan.This scientific paper is dedicated to the analysis based on a comparison of the cultural objects description structure in the licensing and registration documents used in Ukraine and the European Union. The author has carried out a comparative analysis of the documents verification process, identification and registration procedures of cultural properties being transferred across the Customs border of Ukraine on permanent or temporary conditions, which are used in the international and national practice. Cases of import, export and transit of cultural properties through the customs border of Ukraine were considered in detail. The author described cases of expert evaluation, on the basis of which a decision about the possibility or impossibility of cultural property export is taken.The author highlights the lack of necessary photographs during cultural property movement across the customs border, which have undergone the state expert evaluation and are allowed to be exported from the country, as well as many museums catalogues of Ukraine do not have photos of the cultural objects belonging to museum collections.To fully analyze the chosen subject general scientific methods of investigation, namely analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization were used.In conclusion, the author states that a priority task to be solved is creating a unified database, built by the same rules of artefacts description and definition of a single procedure for the cultural property registration. The European system of cultural objects description should become an example of unique cultural property identification. 2019-03-21T00:00:00Z http://biblio.umsf.dp.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/3335 Название: Methods and issues of cultural property smuggling combat on the railway transport Авторы: Imanov, Ramil; Иманов, Рамиль Аннотация: This paper was presented at the 10th annual WCO PICARD conference (in the frameworks of the “Youth Forum”), 8-10 September 2015 in Baku, the Republic of Republic Azerbaijan. The article is devoted to the methods and issues of cultural property smuggling combat. The author has analyzed and highlighted imperfection points of the Ukrainian legislation as regards to cultural property smuggling as well as has given recommendations for its improvement in accordance with the international experience. The author has also considered basic legal and practical measures and tools, which will help prevent illicit trafficking of cultural objects.The author has also analyzed the tools to be used in fight with smuggling of cultural property (legal and awareness-raising instruments, operational instruments).Illegal supply chain of cultural property has been studied in detail, ranging from a supplier (for example, a black archaeologist), a smuggler (“carrier” across the border) to an addressee (private collector etc.).To fully analyze the chosen subject definite scientific methods of investigation, namely analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization were used.In conclusion the author states that in order to combat smuggling effectively, it is necessary to make an electronic record of all units of museum collections. He draws attention to the discrepancy between Ukrainian requirements for processing photos necessary to move cultural objects and the requirements of INTERPOL. The author emphasizes troublesome use of the examination methods, except for vasomotor method on the railway transport. The author recommends adopting the Model Export Certificate for Cultural Objects that has been developed by UNESCO together with the World Customs Organization. 2019-03-21T00:00:00Z http://biblio.umsf.dp.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/3334 Название: Standardization of competencies and qualifications of customs representatives of the EU Member States Авторы: Gwardzinska, Ewa; Гвардзинська, Эва Аннотация: The object of the analysis being made in the scientific paper was the process of customs representatives’ professional standards creation within the EU Member States in connection with the entry into force of the package of the EU Customs Code on May 1, 2016. Developed by the International Federation of Customs Brokers and Customs Representatives (further – CONFIAD), in order to unify the standards of services provided by customs brokers, the European Customs Brokers Code of Conduct and the Charter of Quality were not included in the package of the EU Customs Code. Therefore the author discusses whether the mentioned documents will harmonize the customs standards within the EU, because they do not replace the codes of professional conduct existing in the individual countries, or codes of ethics having been adapted by national Customs authorities, associations or organizations of customs brokers. When analyzing the quality standards contained in the Charter of Quality, these standards turn out to be an exact copy of the European Customs Brokers Code of Conduct. Thus the author asks a question why the Charter of Quality has been created if it does not bring anything new and does not establish any standards for determining or improving the quality of customs services. The question whether the standards contained in the European Customs Code ensure a high level of professional competencies of customs representatives remains open. The author argues that the quality of customs services can not be determined by implementing the standards of the Code of Conduct as well as the Charter of Quality in the executive rules, since it is not justified both from the point of view of determining the quality of those services and from the point of view of customs rules. The author concludes that the EU has a clear and unambiguous policy with regard to customs representatives. 2019-03-21T00:00:00Z